Abstract Background Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a high prevalence neurological disorder. Surgery has emerged as a promising treatment. Objective The objective of this work is to compare the surgical results of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) versus selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) in a cohort of 132 patients. Methods We performed a retrospective study of 146 patients operated for TLE from 2008 to 2019. Initially, 13 patients were excluded from the study due to insufficient medical record data or follow-up loss. One patient was excluded from the analysis of the results due to death in the first postoperative week. We used the ILAE scale to classify seizure control after surgery. In patients with left hippocampal sclerosis, SAH was performed and in right temporal lobe epilepsy, ATL was the approach of choice. Results The mean follow-up time after surgery was 57.2 months (12–137). In our data analysis, we found that the group of patients undergoing ATL had a higher prevalence of being completely seizure-free (ILAE I) (57.1% versus 31%) and a higher rate of satisfactory seizure control (88.6% versus 69.3%) p = 0,006, when compared with patients undergoing SAH. Conclusions The literature is still controversial about seizure control concerning the technique used due to the lack of a robust methodology. Our data analysis identified the superiority of ATL over SAH in seizure outcomes. ATL may be the best option for adequately controlling seizures with minimal additional morbidity in countries with a cost limitation for extended propaedeutics.

Resumo Antecedentes A epilepsia do lobo temporal (TLE) é uma desordem neurológica de alta prevalência. A cirurgia surgiu como um tratamento promissor. Objetivo O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar os resultados da lobectomia temporal anterior (ATL) versus amigdalohipocampectomia seletiva (SAH) em uma coorte de 132 pacientes. Métodos Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo de 146 pacientes operados por TLE de 2008 a 2019. Inicialmente, 13 pacientes foram excluídos por insuficiência de dados em prontuário ou perda de seguimento. Um paciente foi excluído da análise por óbito na primeira semana de pós-operatório. Usamos a escala ILAE para classificar o controle das crises após a cirurgia. Em pacientes com esclerose hipocampal à esquerda, foi realizada a SAH, e na epilepsia do lobo temporal à direita, a ATL foi a abordagem de escolha. Resultados O tempo médio de seguimento após a cirurgia foi de 57,2 meses (12–137). Em nossa avaliação, encontramos que o grupo de pacientes submetidos à ATL apresentou maior prevalência de ausência total de crises (ILAE I) (57,1% versus 31%) e maior taxa de controle satisfatório da epilepsia (88,6% versus 69,3%) p = 0,006, quando comparado ao grupo submetido à SAH. Resultados A literatura ainda é controversa em relação à redução das crises de acordo com a técnica utilizada devido a falta de uma metodologia robusta. Nosso estudo identificou superioridade da ATL sobre a SAH nos desfechos convulsivos. ATL pode ser a melhor opção para controlar adequadamente as convulsões com morbidade adicional mínima em países com limitação de custo para propedêutica estendida.

Abstract Projects on river basin integration are keen social-economical drivers in dry regions like the Brazilian semiarid, however, there are concerning ecological impacts implied in those projects. In a long-term analysis, ichthyofauna colonization and spread through the East Axis of the São Francisco River Integration Project (SFIP) was monitored to assess possible impacts on the receiving Paraíba River basin. The fish were collected semiannually (2012 to 2021) from 19 sites in the São Francisco (SF) and Paraíba (PB) basins. A total of 69 fish species were recorded, with distinct fish assemblages between SF (n = 50), PB (n = 35), and the SFIP artificial reservoirs (n = 25). The SFIP reservoirs were colonized by species from the donor basin (SF). In a pioneer finding, Anchoviella vaillanti was recorded for the first time in the receiving basin and it is in the process of establishment. The two SF species that reached PB through the SFIP canals (A. vaillanti and Moenkhausia costae) may be using their year-round reproduction and wide diet to successful spread and colonize the new environment. Since we detected species with potential to reach the receiving basin and became invasives, the implementation of barriers to contain their spread are recommended.

Resumo Projetos de integração de bacias hidrográficas são socialmente importantes em regiões como o semiárido brasileiro, porém há impactos ecológicos preocupantes implícitos nesses grandes projetos de infraestrutura. A colonização e dispersão da ictiofauna pelo Eixo Leste do Projeto de Integração do Rio São Francisco (PISF) foi monitorada para avaliar possíveis impactos na bacia receptora do rio Paraíba do Norte. Os peixes foram coletados semestralmente (2012 a 2021) em 19 locais das bacias do São Francisco (SF) e Paraíba (PB). Foram registradas 69 espécies de peixes, sendo 50 nos pontos do SF, 25 nos reservatórios artificiais ao longo do PISF e 35 nos pontos do PB. As assembleias de peixes das bacias do SF, PB e dos reservatórios do PISF foram significativamente distintas. Os reservatórios do PISF foram colonizados por espécies provenientes da bacia doadora (SF). Anchoviella vaillanti foi registrada pela primeira vez na bacia receptora do PB e está em processo de estabelecimento. As duas espécies do SF que chegaram ao PB pelos canais do PISF (A. vaillanti e Moenkhausia costae) apresentaram dieta e estratégias reprodutivas que permitem o sucesso na disseminação e colonização. Uma vez que foram detectadas espécies com potencial de atingir a bacia receptora, recomenda-se o monitoramento e manejo contínuos.

ABSTRACT Infectious keratitis is a sight-threatening condition that is usually an ocular emergency. The visual outcome depends on prompt and accurate clinical management as well as geographic and epidemiological awareness. We conducted a retrospective observational study to define the epidemiological and laboratory profile, as well as the clinical course of bacterial keratitis in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo over 21 years. Information about age, sex, predisposing factors, topical and surgical treatment, visual acuity, ulcers’ classification, bacterioscopy, culture, and antibiotic sensitivity tests were collected. This study included 160 patients. The mean age was 65.1 ± 18.4 years and risk factors were identified in 83.1 % of the patients. Empirical topical fortified cephalosporin with an aminoglycoside or fourth-generation fluoroquinolone was curative for 66.2 % of the cases. The mean treatment duration was 22.5 ± 9 days. The mean variation of visual acuity was −0.25 logMAR, p < 0.001. Culture revealed 64 % of Gram-positive bacteria. All Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to cephalothin, vancomycin, and quinolones. All Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin. These findings reinforce the importance of prompt empirical treatment of severe corneal ulcers with a fortified cephalosporin and aminoglycoside or a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone as there are equally effective. Collected data was insufficient to evaluate resistance of ocular infections over time in this population.

Abstract This article presents the Brazilian private insurance market’s actuarial life tables, BR- EMS 2021. Using Bayesian inference on the parameters of the Heligman- Pollard law of mortality and data from 23 insurance groups over 15 years, totaling 3.5 billion registers, the data were corrected through a two hidden-layer neural network. The resulting tables show that the insured population exhibits lower mortality rates than the general Brazilian population, even lower than the national populations of well-developed countries such as the USA. Moreover, besides the expected gender gap in mortality rates, there is a clear distance between the death and survivorship insurance coverage groups. Likewise, the insured population characteristics mitigate well-known regional structural discrepancies in the Brazilian population, indicating that being part of the selected population of insured individuals is thus associated with a more effective protection against death than other outstanding factors such as geographic region of residence.

Resumen Este artículo presenta las tablas de vida del mercado de seguros privados brasileño, BR-EMS 2021. Los datos, obtenidos de 23 grupos de seguros a lo largo de 15 años, totalizando 3,5 mil millones de registros, fueron corregidos usando una red neuronal con dos capas ocultas. Mediante la inferencia bayesiana para estimar los parámetros bajo la ley de mortalidad de Heligman-Pollard, las tablas obtenidas muestran que la población asegurada tiene tasas de mortalidad más bajas que la población general brasileña e incluso más bajas que las poblaciones nacionales de países desarrollados, como los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. Además de la diferencia de género esperada en las tasas de mortalidad, hay una clara distinción entre las tablas de grupos de cobertura de riesgo y cobertura de sobrevivientes. Asimismo, se demuestra que las tablas regionales de población asegurada no presentan las conocidas discrepancias estructurales regionales en Brasil, lo que indica que participar de la población de asegurados está asociado con una protección contra la muerte más efectiva que otros factores como la región geográfica de residencia.

Resumo Este artigo apresenta as tábuas de vida do mercado de seguros privados brasileiro, BR-EMS 2021. Os dados obtidos de 23 grupos seguradores ao longo de 15 anos, totalizando 3,5 bilhões de registros, foram corrigidos por meio de rede neural com duas camadas ocultas. Usando a inferência bayesiana para estimar os parâmetros sob a lei de mortalidade Heligman-Pollard, as tábuas obtidas mostram que a população segurada apresenta probabilidades de morte mais baixas do que a população brasileira em geral e até mesmo em relação a populações nacionais de países desenvolvidos, como os EUA. Além da esperada diferença de gênero nas taxas de mortalidade, há uma clara distância entre as probabilidades de morte dos grupos de cobertura de risco e cobertura de sobrevivência. Da mesma forma, é demonstrado que as tábuas regionais da população segurada não apresentam as discrepâncias regionais conhecidas no Brasil, indicando que fazer parte da população selecionada de segurados está associado a um fator de proteção mais eficaz do que outros fatores, como a região geográfica de residência.

ABSTRACT Phosphites can be considered an additional strategy to be included in disease management programs. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the application of potassium phosphite (KPhi) in common bean seeds, in the reduction of intensity of root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) and in the compatibility with Rhizobium tropici, a nitrogen-fixing bacterium. The emergence speed index (ESI) and the percentage of total emergence were evaluated in seeds inoculated with R. solani and treated with KPhi. The number of nodules per root system, dry nodule mass, quantified the compatibility Phi x R. tropici, dry mass, nitrogen content, and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots. KPhi promoted a higher ESI and increase in plant stand compared to the control treatment. The number of nodules formed and the nitrogen content and accumulation in the KPhi treatments were similar to control (seeds inoculated with R. tropici). Thus, the treatment of seeds with KPhi provides control of R. solani and is compatible with R. tropici.

ABSTRACT This article explores the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of mid-level bureaucracy. This qualitative and exploratory investigation adopted the research strategy of a case study of the bureaucracy responsible for the social assistance policy of the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2020. The research was conducted through bibliographic and documentary research and semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The bureaucracy’s perception of the changes in the intra-organizational dimensions of public administration caused by the pandemic was captured. It was possible to notice that the crisis affected the work system, the decision-making processes, the interactions with other actors, and the skills required for the performance of the functions of these government actors. The research showed that how the mid-level bureaucracy acted helps to understand the functioning of the service and the resilience of public policy in the context of crisis.

RESUMEN Este artículo explora los efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el desempeño de la burocracia de nivel medio. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio de carácter cualitativo, que adoptó como estrategia de investigación el estudio de caso de la burocracia responsable de la política de asistencia social del municipio de Belo Horizonte, en el año 2020. El estudio se llevó a cabo mediante investigación bibliográfica y documental, además de entrevistas semiestructuradas y cuestionarios. Se captó la percepción del sector burocrático estudiado sobre los cambios impresos en las dimensiones intraorganizativas de la administración pública por la crisis pandémica. Se pudo observar que la crisis afectó el sistema de trabajo, los procesos de toma de decisiones, las interacciones con otros actores y las habilidades requeridas para el desempeño de las funciones de estos actores gubernamentales. La investigación demostró que la forma de actuar de la burocracia de nivel medio ayuda a entender el funcionamiento del servicio y la resiliencia de la política pública en el contexto de la crisis.

RESUMO Este artigo explora os efeitos da pandemia de Covid-19 na atuação da burocracia de médio escalão. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e de cunho qualitativo que adotou como estratégia de pesquisa o estudo de caso da burocracia responsável pela política de assistência social do município de Belo Horizonte (MG), no ano de 2020. A investigação foi conduzida por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além de entrevistas semiestruturadas e aplicação de questionários. Captou-se a percepção do setor da burocracia estudado sobre as mudanças impressas nas dimensões intraorganizacionais da administração pública pela crise pandêmica. Foi possível notar que a crise afetou o regime de trabalho, os processos de tomada de decisão, as interações com outros atores e as habilidades demandadas para o desempenho das funções desses atores governamentais. A pesquisa evidenciou que a forma como a burocracia de médio escalão atuou ajuda a compreender o funcionamento do serviço e a resiliência da política pública no contexto de crise.

Resumo O presente artigo pretende investigar algumas das aproximações teóricas possíveis entre proposições de Santos sobre o espaço geográfico e o esquema interpretativo althusseriano. Principalmente, a discussão gira em torno da seguinte questão: até onde se poderia chegar empreendendo uma leitura de certas proposições de Milton Santos pelas lentes do marxismo estrutural? Chega-se à conclusão de que, como suporte necessário à historicização das estruturas sociais, o espaço assume importância ímpar para a análise da realidade: sua consideração sugere um encaminhamento da contradição entre história e estrutura, permitindo contemplar a diacronia e a contradição presentes em cada formação socioespacial. Destarte, assim como a análise do lastro althusseriano de certas elaborações de Milton Santos ajuda a iluminar certos pontos de sua obra, também a obra de Santos pode contribuir largamente com as teorizações do marxismo estrutural, ressaltando papel do espaço na construção de um arcabouço analítico capaz de desvendar as determinações do presente. Principalmente questão estrutural Chegase Chega que sociais realidade estrutura socioespacial Destarte

Resumen Este artículo pretende investigar algunas de las posibles afinidades teóricas entre las proposiciones de Santos sobre el espacio geográfico y el esquema interpretativo althusseriano. Principalmente, la discusión gira en torno a la siguiente pregunta: ¿hasta dónde se puede llegar al emprender una lectura de ciertas proposiciones de Milton Santos a través de la lente del marxismo estructural? Se llega a la conclusión de que, como soporte necesario para la historización de las estructuras sociales, el espacio adquiere una importancia única para el análisis de la realidad: su consideración sugiere abordar la contradicción entre historia y estructura, permitiendo la contemplación de la diacronía y contradicción presente en cada formación socioespacial. De esta forma, así como el análisis de la inspiración althusseriana de ciertas elaboraciones de Milton Santos ayuda a iluminar ciertos puntos de su obra, la obra de Santos también puede contribuir en gran medida a las teorizaciones del marxismo estructural, destacando el papel del espacio en la construcción de un marco analítico capaz de desentrañar las determinaciones del presente. althusseriano Principalmente pregunta hasta estructural que sociales realidad estructura socioespacial forma

Abstract The present article intends to investigate some of the possible theoretical approximations between Santos’ propositions about geographic space and the Althusserian interpretation. Mainly, the discussion revolves around the following question: How far could one go by reading certain propositions by Milton Santos through the lens of structural Marxism? It is concluded that, as a necessary support for the historicization of social structures, space assumes unique importance for the analysis of reality through an Althusserian prism: its consideration suggests a forwarding of the contradiction between history and structure, allowing to contemplate the diachrony and contradiction present in each socio-spatial formation. Thus, just as the analysis of the Althusserian ballast of certain elaborations by Milton Santos helps to illuminate certain points of his work, Santos’ work can also contribute largely to the theorizations of structural Marxism, highlighting the role of space in the construction of an analytical framework capable of unravelling the determinations of the present. interpretation Mainly question Marxism that structures prism structure sociospatial socio spatial formation Thus

A procedure using disposable pipette tips adapted for solid-phase extraction, known as DPX SPE, was used as an alternative way for the chromium determination in wastewater samples. DPX-SPE consists of a device which allows a dynamic contact between the sample and the solid-phase. A residue obtained from the processing of coffee beans, denominate coffee silverskin, was used as a new adsorbent. Characterization techniques revealed properties of lignocellulosic materials with potential application for chromium adsorption. The parameters including adsorbent mass (25.00 mg), elution solvent (0.1 mol L-1 HCl, 200 μL) and pH (2.0) were optimized. Thus, 1.00 mL of deionized water for conditioning, 4.00 mL of sample, 2 extraction cycles and 1 elution cycle were the employed conditions. Enrichment factor of 12, limit of detection of 6.00 µg L-1 and relative standard deviation (RSD) 1.3% (n = 3) were obtained. The method proved to be fast, cheap, environmentally friendly, and simple, providing good recoveries (104-113%), and it was satisfactorily applied in real samples.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the content validity and the test-retest reliability of the Questionnaire for Screen Time of Adolescents (QueST). Methods: A study was conducted with high school adolescents from Southern Brazil enrolled in public education (2019). The QueST measures screen time across five constructs: studying, working/internship-related activities, watching videos, playing games, using social media/chat applications. Content validation involved consulting with experts and adolescents to evaluate whether the five constructs were clear and representing screen time behaviors, all ratings were quantified. The experts’ evaluation provided Content Validity Indexes (CVI) for clarity and representativeness of the questionnaire. Students answered the QueST twice (1-week apart), and differences between applications were verified. Test-retest reliability was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analyses. Results: Among the experts, the CVI indicated 94% and 98% of clarity and representativeness, respectively. All items were highly clear for at least 70% of the students. Test-retest reliability was assessed with 104 students (16.3 ± 1.02 years; 66.3% girls). The ICC ranged from 0.41 (95%CI 0.24–0.56) for videos to 0.76 (95%CI 0.66–0.83) for social media/chat applications on weekdays; and from 0.24 (95%CI 0.04–0.41) for videos to 0.67 (95%CI 0.54–0.77) for social media/chat applications on weekends. The lowest mean difference was -4.6 min for working on weekdays, while the highest was 40.6 min for videos on weekends. Conclusions: The QueST proved to be fair to excellent for measuring different screen time constructs. However, the item of videos (weekends) showed poor stability. The QueST demonstrates satisfactory content validity attested by the experts and adolescents.

RESUMO: O Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Rio Grande do Norte foi criado em março de 1902. Um dos seus principais objetivos era o de construir uma memória histórica para o estado. Com o intuito de cumprir esse propósito, uma das estratégias utilizadas por seus sócios foi o de organizar e promover várias comemorações alusivas aos eventos históricos da nação e do estado, especialmente aqueles acontecimentos concernentes à experiência republicana. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar o papel do instituto no processo de organização e formulação da cultura comemoracionista norte-rio-grandense, evidenciando como esse expediente reforçou e possibilitou a construção de uma memória histórica notadamente republicana. Para isso, a análise se dedicou a examinar apenas as comemorações em torno dos cem anos da Revolução de 1817.

ABSTRACT: The Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Rio Grande do Norte was created in March 1902. One of its main objectives was to build a historical memory for the state. In order to accomplish this goal, one of the strategies used by its members was to organize and promote various commemorations alluding to the historical events of the nation and the state, especially those events concerning the republican experience. In this sense, the aim of this article is to analyze the role of the institute in the process of organizing and formulating the commemoration culture of the Rio Grande do Norte, showing how this expedient reinforced and enabled the construction of a notably republican historical memory. For this, the analysis was dedicated to examining only the celebrations about the hundred years of the Revolução de 1817.

Resumo Nesse estudo, avaliamos as desigualdades socioeconômicas no consumo de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados e ultraprocessados entre adolescentes. Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2015. De acordo com o consumo autorrelatado de feijão, hortaliças e frutas, foi gerado um escore de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados (0-21 pontos). Refrigerantes, doces, macarrão instantâneo e carnes ultraprocessadas prontos para o consumo foram utilizados para a pontuação dos alimentos ultraprocessados (0-21 pontos). Os indicadores de equidade foram gênero, educação materna e nível socioeconômico. Foram calculados a diferença absoluta, razões, índice de concentração e índice de inclinação de desigualdade. Os adolescentes (n=101.689, 51% meninas, 14,2 anos) relataram escore médio de 9,97 e 11,46 para alimentos ultraprocessados e in natura/minimamente processados, respectivamente. As diferenças absolutas entre os adolescentes de alto e baixo nível socioeconômico foram mais altos e mais baixos, houve diferenças de 2,64 pontos e 33% para o consumo de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados; e 1,48 pontos e 15% para alimentos ultraprocessados. Adolescentes de níveis socioeconômicos mais elevados comeram mais alimentos in natura/minimamente processados e alimentos ultraprocessados comparado aos seus pares.

Abstract In this study, we evaluated socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of in natura/minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among adolescents. We used data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), 2015. According to the self-reported consumption of beans, vegetables and fruits, a score of in natura/minimally processed foods was generated (0-21 points). Sodas, sweets, instant noodles, and ultra-processed meat were used for the score of ultra-processed foods (0-21 points). Equality indicators were gender, maternal education, and socioeconomic level. Absolute difference, ratios, concentration index and slope index of inequality were calculated. Adolescents (n=101,689, 51% girls, 14.2 years) reported a mean score of 9.97 and 11.46 for ultra-processed foods and in natura/minimally processed foods, respectively. Absolute and relative differences between adolescents with the highest and lowest socioeconomic level, there were differences of 2.64 points and 33% for consumption of in natura/minimally processed foods; and 1.48 points and 15% for ultra-processed foods. Adolescents from higher socioeconomic level ate more in natura/minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods.

Resumo Nesse estudo, avaliamos as desigualdades socioeconômicas no consumo de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados e ultraprocessados entre adolescentes. Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2015. De acordo com o consumo autorrelatado de feijão, hortaliças e frutas, foi gerado um escore de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados (0-21 pontos). Refrigerantes, doces, macarrão instantâneo e carnes ultraprocessadas prontos para o consumo foram utilizados para a pontuação dos alimentos ultraprocessados (0-21 pontos). Os indicadores de equidade foram gênero, educação materna e nível socioeconômico. Foram calculados a diferença absoluta, razões, índice de concentração e índice de inclinação de desigualdade. Os adolescentes (n=101.689, 51% meninas, 14,2 anos) relataram escore médio de 9,97 e 11,46 para alimentos ultraprocessados e in natura/minimamente processados, respectivamente. As diferenças absolutas entre os adolescentes de alto e baixo nível socioeconômico foram mais altos e mais baixos, houve diferenças de 2,64 pontos e 33% para o consumo de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados; e 1,48 pontos e 15% para alimentos ultraprocessados. Adolescentes de níveis socioeconômicos mais elevados comeram mais alimentos in natura/minimamente processados e alimentos ultraprocessados comparado aos seus pares.

Abstract In this study, we evaluated socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of in natura/minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among adolescents. We used data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), 2015. According to the self-reported consumption of beans, vegetables and fruits, a score of in natura/minimally processed foods was generated (0-21 points). Sodas, sweets, instant noodles, and ultra-processed meat were used for the score of ultra-processed foods (0-21 points). Equality indicators were gender, maternal education, and socioeconomic level. Absolute difference, ratios, concentration index and slope index of inequality were calculated. Adolescents (n=101,689, 51% girls, 14.2 years) reported a mean score of 9.97 and 11.46 for ultra-processed foods and in natura/minimally processed foods, respectively. Absolute and relative differences between adolescents with the highest and lowest socioeconomic level, there were differences of 2.64 points and 33% for consumption of in natura/minimally processed foods; and 1.48 points and 15% for ultra-processed foods. Adolescents from higher socioeconomic level ate more in natura/minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods.

Abstract Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may present with extrapulmonary manifestations, including hematologic changes. Previous studies suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) can interact with the renin-angiotensin system, ultimately causing increased production of angiotensin II. By reporting the cases of previously healthy young adults diagnosed with a hematologic malignancy after experiencing COVID-19, we raise the hypothesis that the SARS-Cov-2 infection could act as a trigger for leukemogenesis in predisposed individuals. Methods This was a case series performed through extraction of relevant clinical information from the medical records of three patients admitted to our Hematology unit between August 2020 and September 2020. Main Results Considering the relatively rapid development of cytopenias following recovery from COVID-19, it cannot be ruled out that SARS-Cov-2 played a role in leukemogenesis in those patients. Based on previous in vitro studies, the renin-angiotensin system imbalance induced by SARS-CoV-2 could potentially promote in vivo leukemogenesis through several mechanisms. Conclusion Despite the advances in pathophysiological and clinical characterization of COVID-19, the consequences of the pandemic to the incidence of hematologic diseases are still to be elucidated. In this context, future dissection of the status of the local bone marrow renin-angiotensin system in leukemogenesis is a clinically relevant basic research area.

RESUMO O comportamento sedentário (CS) se tornou prevalente entre vários grupos populacionais em todas as partes do mundo. O aumento em CS é alarmante, já que este comportamento é associado com desfechos adversos em saúde. Com avanço da tecnologia, a relação de indivíduos com CS se torna cada vez mais complexa, e instrumentos disponíveis, teorias, e o desenvolvimento de pesquisa encaram desafios para se equiparar com esta evolução. Quatro tópicos sobre pesquisa em CS são discutidos neste artigo de opinião: (i) avanços na tipologia e mensuração; (ii) impacto na saúde de indicadores quantitativos e qualitativos de CS; (iii) o lado bom do CS; e (iv) desafios e direções futuras em estudos neste campo do conhecimento. Este artigo de opinião oferece algumas provocações baseadas em limitações de pesquisas contemporâneas, seus avanços, e suas lacunas. Alguns desafios em pesquisa com CS e recomendações são compiladas, e outras podem ser inferidas das crescentes evidências científicas relacionadas a CS entre diferentes campos do conhecimento.

ABSTRACT Sedentary behavior (SB) has become a prevalent behavior amongst several population subgroups worldwide. This increase in SB is alarming, as this behavior has been associated with several adverse health outcomes. With the advancement of technology, the relationship of individuals with SB has become increasingly complex, and available instruments, theories, and research face challenges to keep up with this evolution. Four issues regarding research on SB are discussed in this opinion article: (i) advances in its typology and measure; (ii) health impact of quantitative and qualitative indicators of SB; (iii) the good side of SB; and (iv) challenges and future directions of studies in this field of knowledge. This opinion article raises some questions based on the limitations of current research with its advances and gaps. Some challenges and research recommendations are compiled, and other can be drawn from the ever-growing scientific evidence related to SB across different fields.

ABSTRACT Due to the increase in water and energy tariffs, in addition to the limited amount of these resources, the automation of irrigation can help farmers to increase the production of agricultural crops. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate different irrigation managements between manual and automatic in the production of arugula in a protected environment, in order to determine the productive potential in the cultivation of vegetables. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with four irrigation management strategies, divided into automatic and manual managements: automatic irrigation management via soil (IAS); automatic irrigation management via climate (IAC); manual irrigation management via soil (IMS) and manual irrigation management via climate (IMC). The treatments were applied to the arugula ( Eruca Sativa L. ) crop during two production cycles, and their effect on biophysical aspects of plants and irrigation water productivity was evaluated. For the fresh mass variable, the IAC (17.75 g plant-1), IAS (12.38 g plant-1), and IMC (8.63 g plant-1) treatments, in the 1st cycle, were statistically similar to each other, whereas in the 2nd cycle, only the IAC (16.29 g plant-1) and IAS (19.80 g plant-1) treatments had this statistical similarity. Automatic managements can be recommended based on this research, however, considering the financial difficulties of the small farmer, IMC may be a desirable option in unfavorable economic conditions.